Microbiota bacteriana cultivable del erizo de mar Hesperocidaris asteriscus, habitante de la zona mesofótica superior del cañón submarino de los Arcos, Puerto Vallarta
Cultivable bacterial microbiota of the sea urchin Hesperocidaris asteriscus, inhabitant of the upper mesophotic zone in the Los Arcos submarine cayon, Puerto Vallarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32870/ecucba.vi20.306Keywords:
Biodiversidad, simbiosis, bacterias marinas, EchinoideaAbstract
Los organismos marinos, como los erizos de mar, albergan bacterias simbiontes que producen metabolitos con actividad antibiótica. Estos metabolitos pueden conferir al hospedero un mecanismo de defensa contra patógenos, contribuyendo a su aptitud ecológica y pueden también ser utilizados con fines biotecnológicos.
Considerando lo anterior, el objetivo de este trabajo fue aislar la microbiota cultivable del erizo de mar Hesperocidaris asteriscus y analizarla en busca de cepas con actividad antibiótica. Las bacterias se aislaron en cuatro medios de aislamiento y la actividad antibiótica se evaluó por inhibición del crecimiento en tres patógenos: S. aureus, E. coli y P. aeruginosa. Como resultado se recuperaron 29 cepas con morfología colonial diferente y de estas nueve presentaron bioactividad contra al menos un patógeno. Cuatro de estas cepas bioactivas presentaron atributos morfológicos propios del phylum Actinobacteria. Se concluye que las bacterias bioactivas podrían contribuir en la defensa del erizo, al ser capaces de inhibir el crecimiento de patógenos. Sin embargo, es importante continuar esta línea de investigación hacia la búsqueda y caracterización de estos metabolitos, ya que podrían ser usados para el tratamiento de bacterias patógenas resistentes a los fármacos conocidos actualmente.
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