Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Arginase-1 in Endometrial Cancer
Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Arginase-1 in Endometrial Cancer
Keywords:
Cynecological cancer, inmmune system, immature immune cells, cancer developmentAbstract
Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common gynecological cancer worldwide. In Mexico, it is the fifth most frequent cancer among women and affects the lining of the uterus. Risk factors include age, metabolic disorders, and family history. In recent years, the percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and serum arginase-1 concentrations have been associated with a poorer prognosis in cancer patients. MDSCs are immature immune cells produced by altered myelopoiesis. They display immature phenotypic and morphological characteristics, as well as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive functions that can promote tumor growth compared to their mature counterparts MDSCs produce diverse molecules, including Arginase-1, an enzyme that plays a role in the urea cycle and other cellular processes. In cancer, arginase-1 can suppress the function of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, which also contributes to immune evasion by the tumor. In addition, it helps promote the activity of MDSCs. This article describes relevant aspects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and Arginase-1, as well as their role in the development of endometrial cancer.
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