Plant Factory Systems: The food production revolution

Abstract

Plant factories emerge as a revolutionary solution in modern agricultural production, offering an unprecedented fusion of advanced technology and traditional cultivation methods. These facilities, characterized by their strict environmental control, promise to overcome contemporary challenges such as climate change, urbanization, and the growing demand for food, through the optimization of growth conditions and resource use efficiency. In countries like Mexico, where agricultural traditions are deeply rooted and sustainability needs are evident, plant factories have adapted to address specific challenges, such as water scarcity in arid areas and the demand for urban agriculture. Simultaneously, the integration of renewable energies, advanced monitoring systems based on artificial intelligence, and ancestral agricultural techniques expand the potential and versatility of these facilities. This article highlights the advances and applications of plant factories in various contexts, emphasizing their relevance and potential in transforming the global agricultural landscape.